As a key target for bronchodilators in the treatment ofasthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, β2-AR is also implicated in biased signaling,where different ligands selectively activate distinct intracellularpathways, offering therapeutic potential beyond traditional agonists. Structural insights into β2-AR have significantly advanced our understanding of GPCR activation,ligand specificity, and allosteric modulation. Recent computational and cryo-electron microscopy studieshave provided insights into the activation and deactivation mechanismsof β2-AR.−, ,. This evidence concerns the gene ADRB2 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.