This association remained robust after controlling for additional clinical risk factors and covariates, including diabetes, smoking, hypertension, ApoA1 concentration, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, as well as ApoB (OR: 1.05 per 10-nmol increase of Lp(a); 95% CI: 1.04-1.06; P < 0.01). Here, APOA1 is linked to Hypertension.