UCP1 and colorectal cancer: Colorectal cancer cells induce WAT browning via two mechanisms: (1) Tumour-derived exosomal miR-146b-5p suppresses adipocyte HOXC10 expression, upregulating browning markers (UCP1, PRDM16) to initiate lipolysis and contribute to cancer cachexia; (2) Reduced MIIP expression in CRC cells stimulates secretion of glycosylated AZGP1, which activates the adipocyte β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) signalling pathway to elevate p-HSL and UCP1, amplifying lipolytic activity.