TNF and Alzheimer disease: Additionally, when challenged with AD inducers, iMSC secretome pretreatment significantly reduced the mRNA levels of cytokines involved in AD pathogenesis (IL‐4, IL‐13, IL‐17, IL‐22, IL‐31, CCL17, CCL22, TSLP, TNF‐α, and IFN‐γ) and increased filaggrin expression in HaCaT cells, outperforming the MSC secretome.