A number of variables were associated with DR in the univariate and the adjusted multivariate model: no insulin injection (aOR = 0.523, 95% CI, 0.295–0.93; p < 0.039); eGFR (< 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) (aOR = 1.84, 95% CI, 1.05–3.20; p < 0.033); and duration of DM (> 8 years; reference) (<3 years; aOR = 0.24, 95% CI, 0.006–0.935, p < 0.040) (3–8 years; aOR = 0.441, 95% CI, 0.25–0.79, p < 0.006). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.