However, given the unique implications of R-loops specifically on telomeres – including the promotion of Exo1-mediated resection, euchromatin-mediated telomere shortening, and telomerase inhibition – perhaps the effect of THOC1 on GBM viability and progression that we see is predominately driven by its role in influencing telomeric R-loops specifically, rather than global R-loop levels (Fig. 6F). The gene discussed is EXO1; the disease is glioblastoma.