The enrichment of miRNA targets in T/B cell receptor signaling and complement cascades highlights the interplay between miRNA dysregulation and tumor immune evasion – a finding consistent with recent studies linking plasma miRNAs to immunosuppressive microenvironments in GC.[32–34] The prognostic significance of targets like ZNF367 and BBC3, which regulate genomic stability and apoptosis,[35,36] underscores the therapeutic potential of restoring miRNA-mediated tumor suppressor networks. This evidence concerns the gene BBC3 and neoplasm.