One study of 17 MOGAD and 20 aquaporin 4 immunoglobulin G-positive (AQP4+) NMOSD patients found both groups showed lower performance in verbal learning, IPS, and cognitive screening (Montreal Cognitive Assessment) compared to healthy controls (HC) [8], with hippocampal atrophy associated with clinical disability and cognitive impairment in MOGAD but not in AQP4+NMOSD patients [8]. The gene discussed is AQP4; the disease is hippocampal atrophy.