JMJD1C, a histone demethylase, facilitates the preservation of leukaemic stem cells via epigenetic regulation, whereas RUNX1, a principal regulator of haematopoiesis, often displays mutations or dysregulation in acute myeloid leukaemia that hinder differentiation and lineage fidelity [16, 17, 18]. The gene discussed is JMJD1C; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.