Among 415 (84.2%) patients with pre-treatment ctDNA variant data, TP53 (51.6%), EGFR (18.1%), KRAS (12.8%), KEAP1 (9.4%), CDKN2A (7.7%), PIK3CA (6.7%), STK11 (6.0%), and SMARCA4 (4.3%) were the most frequently detected candidate driver mutations (Fig. 1c), in accordance with the expected pattern in canonical NSCLC drivers [37, 38]. Here, CDKN2A is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.