For instance, Lactobacillus plantarum-derived indole-3-lactic acid was capable of enhancing the cytotoxic activity of CD8+ T cells through epigenetic mechanisms [77], and microbial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) could modulate CD8+ T cell to improve adaptive immunotherapy in syngeneic murine melanoma and pancreatic cancer models [78]. Here, CD8A is linked to pancreatic neoplasm.