TLR4 and hepatitis A virus infection: Dendritic cell-associated C-type lectin-1 (Dectin-1) prevents chronic liver disease by inhibiting Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling in hepatitis cells and stellate cells [68]. WU et al. in their study also found that paeonol prevented chronic liver disease by modulating 1,3-β-D glucan-mediated Dectin-1/IL-1β axis, suppressing inflammasome-mediated maturation of IL-1β, which inhibited the inflammatory response in ALD and prevented inflammatory injury in the liver.