Surface modification with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and tumor-targeting ligands such as folate or RGD peptides can prolong the circulation half-life and enable active targeting to folate receptor-overexpressing tumors, leading to an additional 20% increase in tumor uptake over passive EPR targeting [78], whereas pH-sensitive linkers in the albumin–drug conjugate facilitate acid-triggered release within endosomal compartments, ensuring site-specific drug liberation [79]. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is neoplasm.