EPCAM and neoplasm: Furthermore, logic-gated CAR systems employing synthetic Notch (synNotch) receptors enable “dual antigen recognition–activation” cascade responses, initiating cytotoxicity only when tumor cells concomitantly express both priming antigens (e.g., carcinoembryonic antigen) and killing antigens (e.g., epithelial cell adhesion molecule), thereby minimizing off-target toxicity in normal tissues [56].