Moreover, a targeted lipid nanovaccine, constructed by co-delivery of tumor-specific neoantigens via a cholesterol-conjugated TLR9 agonist cationic liposome preparation LNPsD18, significantly inhibits tumor growth by remodeling TME, thereby improving in situ Survival of HCC and colorectal cancer models (158). This evidence concerns the gene TLR9 and hepatocellular carcinoma.