The microbiota-metabolism-immunity axis constitutes a central hub in CRC pathogenesis, offering unique therapeutic targets—including probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics, dietary interventions (e.g., high-fiber diets to boost SCFAs), metabolite antagonists (e.g., AhR inhibitors), precision antibiotics, F. nucleatum antibodies, and promising fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT)—to restore healthy microbial composition/function, reverse immunosuppression, and enhance antitumor immunotherapy (e.g., immune checkpoint blockade). The gene discussed is AHR; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.