ALB and acute coronary syndrome: In addition to producing ROS, activated neutrophils release proteolytic enzymes and inflammatory signaling molecules such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), which further amplify inflammation, exacerbate tissue injury, and drive maladaptive cardiac remodeling (30).Conversely, serum albumin concentration has been independently linked to mortality risk in individuals with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (31).