IRF1 and Insulin resistance: The systemic inter-organ damages associated with altered RAS pathways could mechanistically contribute to impaired glucose metabolism through increased pro-inflammatory cytokines (154, 159) which in turn can act synergistically with immune dysregulation of IRF1 (or other IRFs such as IRF3, 7, and 9) following SARS-CoV-2 infection, further promoting inflammatory pathways (such as immune cell infiltration and tissue damage), insulin resistance, and persistent hyperglycemia (178).