The exosomes secreted by ADSCs from high-sugar diet sources promote inflammation in adipocytes by inhibiting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression and increase the expression of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-related proteins (52), while the exosomes secreted by aADSCs from high-fat diet sources induce the formation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, lipid accumulation and inflammation (53), from which can be seen that the exosomes derived from ADSCs play a significant role in regulating liver lipid metabolism. Here, NFE2L2 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.