ALB and chronic kidney disease: In CKD, risk stratification methods are essential for identifying patients who may benefit from early therapies and are at high risk for progressive decline. The predictive precision of traditional risk markers, such as albuminuria and eGFR, is limited, particularly in early-stage CKD [3]. Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and eGFR-based conventional Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) risk categories, for example, frequently fall short in identifying individuals who may have rapid progression [3].