ALK and non-small cell lung carcinoma: For patients with advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring ALK fusions, targeted therapy has become the standard first-line treatment, including first-generation (e.g., crizotinib), second-generation (e.g., alectinib), and third-generation (e.g., lorlatinib) ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (ALK-TKIs) (2–5).