Foundational single-cell and chromatin studies justify a state dictionary anchored on SPP1+ tumor-associated macrophages, antigen-presenting/CXCL9+ macrophages, cDC1, LAMP3+ migratory dendritic cells, monocytic/granulocytic MDSC, and context-dependent neutrophil programs, with motif-level regulators (IRF/STAT/AP-1) reported alongside ligand–receptor inferences (26–31, 40–47, 50, 51). This evidence concerns the gene MPPE1 and neoplasm.