In a phase I/II study conducted by a MD Anderson research group in 2017–2024, cord-blood derived NK cells were extracted and modified with a CD19−CD28-zeta-2A-iCasp9-IL15 structure to target cancer cells in relapsed/refractory CD19+ B cell malignancies, including lymphomas, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and, also, acute lymphoblastic leukemias (proportions not specified). Here, CD19 is linked to acute lymphoblastic leukemia.