Numerous studies have demonstrated that various therapeutic polysaccharides of natural origin, including ITP, PLPE, and PRR, can effectively regulate glucose-lipid metabolism and ameliorate IR through modulation of key signaling pathways (PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 and STAT5/IGF-1) and regulation of associated protein expression (PI3K, IRS-1, GLUT4, IGF-1, and Akt). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura.