These chemokines were CXCL1 which recruits neutrophils and is transcribed by NF-ƙB in UC patient tissue and DSS colitis mice model (Xu et al., 2022); CXCL8 which recruits neutrophils and granulocytes, promotes tumor growth and cell migration, and modulates inflammation (Zhu et al., 2021); and CXCL11 which is involved in IL-6 mediated inflammation as well as Th17 cell development by IL-6 upregulation (Liu et al., 2011). Here, CXCL8 is linked to neoplasm.