PINK1 and heart failure: AMPKα2 promotes mitophagy and prevents disease progression by phosphorylating PINK1, whereas a transition from the AMPKα2 isoform to the AMPKα1 isoform impairs mitophagy and accelerates heart failure.336 Consistent with these findings, MFN2 deficiency impairs mitochondrial fusion and Parkin recruitment, leading to cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.337,338