Consistent with these findings, pharmacological activation of PINK1–Parkin-mediated mitophagy inhibits the growth of HCC,286 colorectal cancer,287 and pancreatic cancer.288 By contrast, Parkin exhibits an oncogenic function in melanoma models, as its genetic ablation inhibits tumor growth and metastasis by destabilizing MFN2.289. Here, PRKN is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.