LGR5 and neoplasm: shRNA-mediated knockdown of β-catenin in CT26-shApc cells led to a reduction in the expression of β-catenin target genes, including Axin2 and Lgr5 (Supplementary information, Fig. S5a), and inhibited tumor cell proliferation in both WT Balb/c and immunodeficient nude mice without affecting CD8+ T cell infiltration (Supplementary information, Fig. S5b–h).