In a study of 278 oestrogen receptor‐negative breast cancer patients in Japan, high expression of β2AR was also associated with poor cancer‐specific survival (HR 2.53; 95% CI 1.15–5.58; p = 0.021) and in a further study in Japan among 133 patients with resected malignant melanoma, high β2AR was associated with increased tumour thickness (p < 0.001), ulceration (p = 0.002), advanced stage (T stage, p < 0.001; N stage, p = 0.015), and poor overall survival (HR 1.69; 95% CI 1.2–2.45; p = 0.002) [11, 23]. This evidence concerns the gene ADRB2 and neoplasm.