IL15 and HIV infectious disease: Combining IL-15 with checkpoint inhibitors has demonstrated synergistic effects, resulting in enhanced antitumor immunity.386,387 In 2024, Anktiva, an IL-15 super agonist drug for treating solid tumors, hematological cancers, and HIV infection, was approved for marketing, becoming the world’s first IL-15 drug approved and the third cytokine drug to be used for tumor immunotherapy.388 Anktiva comprises an IL-15 N72D mutant that binds to the IL-15R α sushi domain and the IgG1 Fc fusion protein.