The combination of autophagy inhibitors (such as the ULK1 inhibitor SBI-0206965 or chloroquine) with irinotecan significantly suppresses the acquisition of drug resistance and promotes tumor cell death.428 Several clinical trials (e.g., NCT01506973 and NCT02378532) have demonstrated the efficacy of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in inhibiting cancer growth and recurrence.429,430 While pharmacokinetic challenges exist at therapeutic doses, further optimization is possible. The gene discussed is ULK1; the disease is neoplasm.