MTOR and neoplasm: Our latest preclinical studies confirmed that combination therapy with the QSOX2 inhibitor ebselen and the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin with a standard chemotherapy regimen significantly inhibits the growth of ESCC in mice and induces dormancy in tumor cells.262 While the “sleeping strategy” shows promise in maintaining dormancy, its long-term efficacy is limited by the adaptive plasticity of dormant cells, which can evolve resistance to therapeutic interventions.