Notably, a pivotal study by Ana Luísa Correia et al. revealed that tumor cell dormancy could be induced by interferon-γ (IFN-γ) secreted from natural killer (NK) cells, while the capacity of NK cells to maintain dormancy was counteracted through functional suppression by activated hepatic stellate cells, consequently triggering tumor reactivation.31 Complementary findings by Pilar Baldominos et al. utilizing spatially resolved single-cell RNA sequencing revealed sophisticated mechanisms whereby quiescent cancer cell clusters establish immunosuppressive niches. This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and neoplasm.