Moreover, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis of paraffin‐embedded clinical specimens demonstrated markedly elevated activation of the TROP2/YBX1/HIF‐1α/PDK1/PFKFB3/H3K18la axis in liver metastatic lesions relative to primary tumours without metastasis, among which PDK1 and PFKFB3 represent the key glycolytic downstream of HIF‐1α (Figure 5O). This evidence concerns the gene PFKFB3 and neoplasm.