Another meta-analysis involving 332 RA patients and 147 healthy controls also pointed out that circulating CXCL13 levels in RA patients were significantly higher than those in healthy individuals, further confirming the crucial role of CXCL13 in the pathogenesis of RA [37].Udai P Singh et al. compared the systemic concentrations of key chemokines and cytokines in 42 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) of different disease activities with the levels in 10 healthy donors. The gene discussed is CXCL13; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.