They found that, compared to normal healthy donors, a series of chemokine levels were significantly increased in IBD patients, including macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), CCL25, CCL23, CXCL5, CXCL13, CXCL10, CXCL11, MCP1, and CCL21 (P < 0.05) [38]. Here, CCL21 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.