In parallel, contemporary syntheses and patient-level studies underscore that overweight/obesity amplifies insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, and systemic inflammation in PCOS, shaping its metabolic phenotype (10–12) —a context in which a neuroendocrine secretory protein such as CgA could plausibly track aggregate metabolic–inflammatory load. Here, CGA is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.