Untreated infection enriched for cytokine and immune signaling pathways such as “response to cytokine,” “immune system process,” and “TNF signaling pathway,” consistent with the action of IL6, CCL2, CXCL10, CXCL11, CCL20, CXCR4, VCAM1, and SELE during endothelial inflammatory activation (riedrichs et al., 1998; Wyble et al., 1997; Shen et al., 1997). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is infection.