TNF and myeloid sarcoma: Among the different cytokines found elevated in patients, a growing body of evidence has indicated that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) plays a pivotal role in the MS development (Kahl et al., 2002), inducing a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder, synaptic instability in the brain, and subsequent sensory and cognitive damage that correlates with the degree of disability in MS patients (Begum et al., 2013; McCoy and Tansey, 2008).