In an experimental animal model of sarcopenia, rats exhibited increased Escherichia-Shigella abundance, elevated plasma LPS concentrations, activation of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, up-regulation of MuRF-1 and Atrogin-1 expression, and a reduction in muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) (Lahiri et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and sarcopenia.