MMP10 and pulmonary arterial hypertension: These findings highlight the pivotal role of macrophage-derived MMP-10 in vascular remodeling during PAH and suggest that circulating MMP-10 levels may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for PAH (50).In recent years, single-cell studies have confirmed the presence of prominent EndMT-related gene signatures within the vascular endothelial cells of PAH patients, which, together with macrophage-derived signaling, form an interconnected molecular network driving vascular remodeling (51).