In a viral vector phase I/II trial (NCT02879760), MAGE-A3 antigen, expressed in ~ 35-50% of NSCLC tumors, is targeted with an oncolytic viral vaccine that includes Ad/MAGE-A3 and MG1- (Maraba virus) MAGE-A3, designed to only replicate in cancer cells (103). This evidence concerns the gene MAGEA3 and cancer.