TNF and hydrops fetalis: The meta-analysis of hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) indicated a significant overall effect, indicating that probiotics can inhibit the systemic inflammation in patients with HF (n = 475, MD: −1.27, 95% CI (−1.72, −0.81), p < 0.00001, I2 = 89%) (Figure 4C).