Our findings align closely with the updated meta-analysis by Chai et al. (2022) [13], which reported significantly improved ORR (OR 2.81), PFS (HR 0.63), and OS (HR 0.68) for immunotherapy plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in PD-L1-negative, driver-gene-negative nonsquamous NSCLC [13]. Here, CD274 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.