The mRNA expression of Galectin-3 in monocytes from patients with T1D was obviously correlated with gut permeability, determined by CLDN1 and TJP1 levels, which are major modulators of intercellular tight junction and intestinal mucus, and serum Galectin-3 levels were related significantly to serum LPS levels. This evidence concerns the gene CLDN1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.