APP and Alzheimer disease: In contrast to findings in transgenic AD mice reporting decreased amyloidogenic APP processing under conditions of increased O-GlcNAcylation (Jacobsen and Iverfeldt, 2011; Kim et al., 2013; Yuzwa et al., 2014; Bell et al., 2025; Park et al., 2021), we found no detectable difference in Aβ 15 kDa protein in Western blot analysis or in total plaque volume in IHC staining in the hilus from TMG vs. saline-treated TgF344-AD rats using the specific dose and treatment schedule we employed.