TNF and necrotizing enterocolitis: Furthermore, after LY294002 treatment, the NEC + Succi group exhibited a significant decrease in the mRNA expression of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF‐α (p < 0.05 and Figure 8f), along with a significant increase in the mRNA expression of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 (p < 0.05 and Figure 8g).