HMGB1 and lung carcinoma: In Vitro: Inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation, promotes apoptosis, induces ER stress, and enhances ICD by increasing ER stress markers and ICD markers (ATP, CRT, HMGB1), with NQO2 as a key target. In Vivo: NQO2 overexpression reverses Afzelin-induced effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and ER stress in A549 and H1299 cells