CD40LG and anemia (phenotype): Additionally, in women infected at enrolment, one log higher IgM antibodies to DBL1X-ID2a VAR2CSA at enrolment were associated with a significant 23% decrease in maternal anaemia at delivery, aOR 0.77 (95% CI 0.60-0.99), p = 0.04.<h4>Conclusion</h4>VAR2CSA-specific IgG and IgM antibodies are markers of malaria infection and protection against placental malaria outcomes.