Future research should validate the roles of these genes in regulating mitochondrial respiration and macrophage polarization, explore their clinical utility in guiding neoadjuvant immunotherapy, and investigate whether targeting the “ABHD11/SLC25A39 - mitochondrial metabolites - M2 macrophages” axis can reverse therapeutic resistance in advanced PRAD patients. This evidence concerns the gene SLC25A39 and prostate adenocarcinoma.