Given the similar differentiation hierarchy in bone marrow between AML and healthy controls, all cells were categorized into four lineages based on canonical hematopoietic lineage markers, including hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPC) characterized by CD34, myeloid cells by LYZ, CD14, and FCGR3B, erythroid cells by HBA, and lymphoid cells by CD3D and CD79A (Figure S4B). Here, CD79A is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.