The deacetylation of p53 at lysine 382 by SIRT1 decreases p53-dependent apoptosis in response to DNA damage in human non-small cell lung cancer (NCI-H1299), human breast cancer (MCF-7L), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, thereby promoting chemoresistance and cancer cell proliferation [6,17,24]. The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is cancer.