IFNG and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Dendritic cell-based vaccines and exosome formulations—often loaded with tumor peptides or antigens—have progressed to phase II and III trials, including IFN-γ–matured dendritic cell-derived exosomes (IFN-γ–Dex) in non-small cell lung cancer and DCVax-L in glioblastoma, highlighting the feasibility of complex cell-based products that integrate peptide antigens or peptide-decorated vesicles in a GMP-compliant manner [87,88,89].