In Alzheimer’s disease rat models, QU-SA-5HTM-PA-PLGA NPs demonstrated efficient BBB penetration, reduced Aβ plaque formation, attenuated acetylcholinesterase and malondialdehyde activity, and suppressed caspase-3 expression, collectively providing neuroprotection [77]. This evidence concerns the gene ACHE and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.